In this modern era, environmental awareness is on the rise, leading to the development of various technological innovations to mitigate negative impacts, especially in the automotive sector. One notable example is the adoption of electric motorcycles. Before deciding to purchase an electric motorcycle, it's essential to understand the advantages and disadvantages of each brand. In this article, the BFI Finance team discusses electric motorcycles in general, their pros and cons, and provides recommendations for high-performance electric motorcycles.
1. Overview of Electric Motorcycles
Electric motorcycles, a revolutionary innovation in the transportation world, have undergone significant development since their inception. Here's a brief history and an overview of different types of electric motorcycles.
1.1 History of Electric Motorcycles
In 1895, Ogden Bolton Jr. and Hosea W. Libbey patented the "electric bicycle." In the 1896 Stanley Cycle Show in London, Humber showcased an electric tandem bicycle with a battery. The October 1911 issue of Popular Mechanics introduced an electric motorcycle with a range of 121 km to 160 km. In 1919, Ransomes, Sims & Jefferies created a prototype electric motorcycle.
In 1936, the Limelette brothers founded Socovel, an electric motorcycle company in Brussels. Despite producing during the German occupation, they switched to conventional models after the war until 1948.
In the early 1970s, Mike Corbin designed the Corbin Electric commuter motorcycle. In 1974, he launched the Quicksilver, setting a speed record of 266.165 km/h. In 1975, Corbin created the City Bike prototype, a battery-powered street motorcycle, using Yardney Electric batteries.
1.2 Electric Motorcycles in Indonesia
The government plans to provide a subsidy of IDR 6.5 million for each electric motorcycle purchase in Indonesia, aiming to make these vehicles more affordable for the public. This was announced by the Coordinating Minister for Maritime Affairs and Investment, Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan, who stated that incentives are crucial to stimulate the growth of the electric motorcycle and car industry in the country.
He mentioned the government's ambition to produce 1.2 million electric motorcycles and 75,000 electric cars by 2024. This initiative aligns with the policies of many countries that have subsidized electric vehicle purchases, regulated in the Minister of Transportation Regulation (P) Number 44 of 2020 on typical field trials and PM Number 45 of 2020 on certain vehicles using electric motors.
As time passes, more people are expected to transition to electric motorcycles, especially with the rising fuel prices. For those new to electric vehicles, understanding the advantages and disadvantages is essential.
1.3 Types of Electric Motorcycles
1. Single Electric Motor
The single electric motor includes Direct Current (DC) and Alternating Current (AC) motors. DC motors use direct current and consist of a rotor and stator. When the current flows, the generated magnetic field rotates the rotor. AC motors also have a rotor and stator, using alternating current. Although AC motors are more efficient, their initial torque is lower than DC motors.
2. Two-Phase Electric Motor
Two-phase electric motors are divided into Synchronous and Asynchronous (Induction) motors. Synchronous motors create a steady movement with the stator's magnetic field, commonly used in applications requiring consistent speed. They excel in stability and reliability. Asynchronous motors, the most common type, are reliable, affordable, and easy to maintain.
3. Three-Phase Electric Motor
Three-phase electric motors include induction motors and synchronous motors. Induction motors are common in industries, with the stator's magnetic field creating movement in the rotor. They offer high efficiency, good initial torque, and heavy load capacity. Three-phase synchronous motors maintain constant speed, suitable for applications requiring fixed speed and time.
4. Special Electric Motors
Special electric motors include stepper motors, brushless DC motors, and linear motors. Stepper motors control accurate angular movement through discrete steps and are often used in 3D printers and CNC machines. Brushless DC motors are efficient, have a long lifespan, and require minimal maintenance, commonly used in electric vehicles and drones. Linear motors produce linear movement, widely used in industrial automation and applications requiring precise linear motion.
2. Advantages of Electric Motorcycles
Electric motorcycles come with several advantages that make them a compelling option. The key advantages include:
2.1 Fuel Efficiency
Electric motors tend to be more efficient in energy usage, resulting in fuel savings and reduced operational costs.
2.2 Environmentally Friendly
Compared to internal combustion engines, electric motorcycles have lower emissions, positively contributing to the environment by reducing air pollution.
2.3 Easy Maintenance
Electric motorcycles have relatively simple components, making maintenance easier and more cost-effective.
2.4 Quieter Engine Noise
Electric engines produce smoother and quieter engine sounds compared to internal combustion engines, providing comfort in daily use.
2.5 High Torque at Initial Acceleration
Electric motorcycles provide substantial torque from the initial acceleration, offering quick and responsive acceleration.
2.6 Easy to Ride
Electric motorcycles are often easier to ride due to faster response times and better controllability.
2.7 Government Incentives
Several countries provide incentives and subsidies to encourage the use of electric motorcycles as part of environmentally friendly energy initiatives.
2.8 Advanced Monitoring Systems
Modern electric motorcycles are equipped with sophisticated monitoring systems, allowing users to monitor and optimize the motor's performance more effectively.
3. Disadvantages of Electric Motorcycles
Despite their advantages, electric motorcycles have limitations and drawbacks that need consideration. These include:
3.1 Limited Charging Infrastructure
The limited availability of charging stations can hinder the mobility of electric motorcycle users, especially in specific locations.
3.2 Limited Authorized Service Centers
The number of authorized service centers specializing in electric motorcycles is still limited, making maintenance and repairs challenging.
3.3 Relatively High Purchase Price
The initial purchase cost of electric motorcycles is still high, posing a challenge for prospective buyers seeking more affordable options.
3.4 Limited Cargo Capacity
Battery capacity limitations affect the range, especially in heavy vehicles such as trucks and buses.
3.5 Lengthy Charging Time
Charging the battery is a time-consuming process compared to refueling, posing a consideration for users who need instant mobility.
4. Recommended Electric Motorcycle Brands
After understanding the advantages and disadvantages of electric motorcycles, here are some recommended brands to consider:
4.1 Volta
Detailed specifications for the Volta electric motorcycle include a maximum range of up to 60 km with a single battery and 120 km with a dual battery. Priced starting from IDR 15 million, Volta offers an affordable option with trendy design and attractive specifications. Suitable for passenger transport, carrying groceries, and long-distance travel, Volta has become a popular choice for online motorcycle drivers delivering food and passengers.
4.2 Selis
Selis, also known as PT Juara Bike, founded on March 21, 2011, is recognized as one of the leading electric vehicle brands in Indonesia. They provide environmentally friendly vehicles powered by electricity. With high-quality standards, experienced experts, and widespread after-sales service in major cities across Indonesia, PT Juara Bike has played a significant role in the development of electric vehicles in the country. Continuously innovating, the SELIS brand offers the best-quality electric vehicles in Indonesia.
4.3 Smoot
Smoot Motor, present in Indonesia since 2021, offers innovative and quality mobility solutions while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. They provide affordable electric motorcycles and introduce the SWAP Battery Swapping ecosystem throughout Indonesia. As a local product manufactured in Cikupa, Tangerang, Smoot Motor is designed to meet the needs and conditions of motorcycle riders in Indonesia. Smoot Motor is committed to accelerating the transition to the use of electric motorcycles in Indonesia.
4.4 Alva One
Produced by PT Ilectra Motor Group (IMG) in Cikarang, West Java, Alva One draws attention with its robust design and excellent engine performance. The brand has received a government subsidy of IDR 7 million. Designed for urban mobility consumers, Alva One uses a hub drive motor without a drive belt. The motor's dynamo position in the rear wheel allows direct power transfer without using a transmission. This electric motor has a maximum power of around 4.8 kW or approximately 5.7 PS (5.5 hp), with a maximum torque of 46 Nm. Advanced features such as LED lighting systems and three driving modes provide user convenience, especially for beginners.
4.5 United
United E-Motor offers electric motorcycles with a full-style concept and a cool exterior, providing confidence in urban mobility. The TX series with higher performance and the MX-1200 electric motor for more economical options are released to meet various needs. United E-Motor continues to innovate by integrating its vehicles with mobile devices through the U-Key application released in 2022. This application provides users with added value through electric motor control functions, security, usage history, reports, and various other advanced features, establishing United E-Motor as a leader in implementing IoT technology in the electric vehicle sector.
In addressing environmental challenges and creating sustainable solutions, electric motorcycles emerge as an attractive option in this modern era. With a rich history of development and diverse types, electric motorcycles offer advantages such as efficiency, environmental friendliness, and ease of use.
That concludes the discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of electric motorcycles. If you're interested in being part of the shift towards more environmentally friendly transportation, BFI Finance provides electric motorcycle financing as a positive step in supporting a sustainable lifestyle. With easy and excellent financing services, apply now and contribute to creating a cleaner and more sustainable future.
